Lecture 1-Introduction to Nutrition in Western Civilization pg2

Lecture 1 continued

Why Do We Eat the Foods We Eat ?
The modern food supply continues to be influenced by socioeconomic factors. For example, while there are over 20,000 foods in the typical grocery store, most of us eat only about 50 different foods. How do we choose what we eat ? and why ?

The Food Technology Timeline

Agriculture	10,000 years ago
Sugar	1600 A.D.
Railways	1840’s
Canning	1860’s
Freezing and Chilling	1870’s
Artificial Sweeteners	1900
Corn Oil	1950’s
Fat Substitutes	1980’s

Factors Influencing Food Choices

Taste	Positive and Negative Associations
Emotional	Comfort Cost
Convenience	Social Factors
Habit	Appearance
Cultural Background	Nutrition

Strategies for Changing the Western Diet and Lifestyle

	Public Health	Medical
Behavior Change	Increase Physical Activity	Sports Medicine
	Change Eating Behaviors	Anorexiants
	Reduce Stressors	Lipase Inhibitors
	Physical Education	Anti-depressants
	Environment	Psychological Rx
		Ergogenics

Changes in the Food Supply	Lower Fat/Increase Fiber	Special Foods
Changes in the Food Supply	Increase Fruit Intake	Supplements
	Increase Vegetable Intake
	Assure Adequate Protein
	Bioengineered Foods

Summary

1. The industrial revolution had a significant impact on food availability in the last 150 years, and dietary patterns, which were once strictly regional, began to change as foods became available in other areas due to developments in food transportation and preservation.

2. Food technology in the last 50 years has had a significant impact on the quality of the diet and the variety of foods available. Food manufacturers have responded to the desires of the consumer for foods which provide particular tastes or textures, and which are convenient.

3. Food choices are influenced by a multitude of factors including taste, convenience, cost, appearance, nutritional value, emotional comfort and religious, social and cultural factors.

4. Public health strategies for changing the Western diet and lifestyle focus on nutrition and health education with regard to physical activity, healthy diet, and stress reduction techniques to avoid "stress eating".

5. Medical strategies for changing the Western diet and lifestyle focus on dietary enhancement through the use of special foods and supplements; the use of prescription medications in weight management and depression; and the use of ergogenic aids, specialized diets and sportsmedicine to enhance athletic performance.

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Lecture 1:Introduction to Nutrition in Western Civilization
Lecture 2: Dietary Macronutrients, Body Fat, and Blood Lipids
Lecture 3:Digestion and Absorption of Macronutrients
Lecture 4:Basic Principles of Nutrient Metabolism
Lecture 5:Obesity
Lecture 6:Fuel Utilization During Exercise
Lecture 7:Biochemistry of Oxidant Stress in Health and Disease Antioxidants
Lecture 8:Nutrition for the 21st Century

Nutrition 101 - Natural Remedies - Weight Management - Physician Education
Vitamins & Minerals- Nutrition & Aging - Nutrition & Disease - Research